VisionPlus Se Asia

ACCOMMODATIVE FUNCTION: • Accommodative accuracy (lag or lead) - open field autorefractors, retinoscopy techniques, photorefractors and non-clinical methods such as aberrometers. • Accommodative amplitude - minus lens technique or push- up test • Accommodative facility - measured with plus/minus flippers. VERGENCE FUNCTION: • Distance and near heterophorias - Risley prism and Maddox rod, Von Graefe method, alternating cover test, Howell near phoria card, Saladin near point balance card • Near fixation disparity - Saladin near point balance card • AC/A ratio - Calculated method and gradient technique for binocular vision measurement. Equipment you need: methods for measurement of accommodation and vergence. A retinoscope, plus/minus flippers and a prism bar will cover most aspects of binocular vision assessment. CORNEAL TOPOGRAPHY Topography is crucial for safe orthokeratology fitting. Unlike myopia progression in children, astigmatism progression is rare. Studies show increases of 0.50DC or more over three years in children aged 6-12 are unusual. If observed, keratometry or corneal topography is vital to rule out corneal ectasia. An irregular corneal reflex in Retinoscopy signals further corneal examination, as retinoscopy is highly sensitive to early keratoconus detection. Equipment you need: a way to measure corneal curvature and shape where indicated - for orthokeratology and/or contact lens fitting, in cases of progressive astigmatism or where an irregular retinoscopy reflex is noted. If access to this equipment is limited for you, consider referral and co-management pathways with primary eye care colleagues and/or ophthalmologists. AXIAL LENGTH MEASUREMENT Axial length measurement is pivotal in myopia control research, with interferometry DETECTING HYPEROPIA BELOW AGE- APPROPRIATE LEVELS CAN SIGNAL PRE- MYOPIA, WITH A SIGNIFICANT RISK FACTOR FOR FUTURE MYOPIA BEING A REFRACTIVE ERROR OF +0.50 OR LESS AT AGE 6-7 23 VISION PLUS SE ASIA EDITION