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throughout their careers, this approach offers a more realistic assessment of AI's practical utility in real-world medical scenarios. CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS Despite the promising results, the integration of AI into healthcare is not without challenges. The capabilities and limitations of commercially available models need thorough characterisation, especially as patients increasingly turn to AI-driven tools for medical advice. Ensuring that AI systems are accurate, reliable, and safe is paramount. The study included questions about a broad range of eye problems, from extreme light sensitivity and decreased vision to lesions and itchy, painful eyes. These scenarios were derived from a textbook used to test trainee eye doctors, a resource not freely available on the internet, making it unlikely that GPT- 4's training datasets included its content. This ensures that the AI's performance reflects genuine reasoning and knowledge application rather than mere replication of learned material. AI AND THE FUTURE OF PATIENT CARE Looking ahead, the role of AI in patient care will likely continue to evolve. While AI models like GPT-4 are not poised to replace doctors, they can significantly enhance patient care by providing timely, accurate advice and supporting healthcare professionals in their decision-making processes. The study's findings highlight the potential for AI to empower patients, giving them the option to incorporate computer systems into their healthcare journey. This will ultimately be a personal decision for each patient, influenced by their comfort level with technology and trust in AI-driven tools. The rapid advancement of AI in healthcare, particularly in eye care, is a testament to the transformative potential of technology. As large language models like GPT-4 continue to improve, they offer a promising avenue for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of medical care. By complementing the expertise of healthcare professionals, AI can help address current challenges, streamline patient management, and ultimately improve health outcomes. . University of Cambridge AS DOCTORS DO NOT CONSTANTLY PREPARE FOR EXAMS THROUGHOUT THEIR CAREERS, THIS APPROACH OFFERS A MORE REALISTIC ASSESSMENT OF AI'S PRACTICAL UTILITY IN REAL- WORLD MEDICAL SCENARIOS. THE NEED FOR CLINICAL TEXTS AND FINE-TUNING The advancement of AI in healthcare hinges on the availability of large volumes of clinical text for fine- tuning and development. Researchers worldwide are working tirelessly to facilitate this, recognising the importance of refining AI models to ensure their reliability and accuracy. This study stands out from previous research by comparing AI's capabilities directly with practising doctors rather than exam results. As doctors do not constantly prepare for exams 48 VISION PLUS INDIA EDITION